Shangam and school trip
Wednesday, 22 May 2013
hydroelectric power comes in which types of energy resource ? explain about that energy resource . locate five major dams of india on india's map and five information about them
Hydroelectricity
Hydroelectricity is the term referring to electricity generated by hydropower; the production of electrical power through the use of the gravitational force of falling or flowing water. It is the most widely used form of renewable energy, accounting for 16 percent of global electricity generation – 3,427 terawatt-hours of electricity production in 2010,[1] and is expected to increase about 3.1% each year for the next 25 years.
Hydropower is produced in 150 countries, with the Asia-Pacific region generating 32 percent of global hydropower in 2010. China is the largest hydroelectricity producer, with 721 terawatt-hours of production in 2010, representing around 17 percent of domestic electricity use. There are now three hydroelectricity plants larger than 10 GW: the Three Gorges Damin China, Itaipu Dam across the Brazil/Paraguay border, and Guri Dam in Venezuela.[1]
The cost of hydroelectricity is relatively low, making it a competitive source of renewable electricity. The average cost of electricity from a hydro plant larger than 10 megawatts is 3 to 5 U.S. cents per kilowatt-hour.[1] Hydro is also a flexible source of electricity since plants can be ramped up and down very quickly to adapt to changing energy demands. However, damming interrupts the flow of rivers and can harm local ecosystems, and building large dams and reservoirs often involves displacing people and wildlife.[1] Once a hydroelectric complex is constructed, the project produces no direct waste, and has a considerably lower output level of the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide (CO2) than fossil fuel powered energy plants.[2]
Bhakra Dam
| |
|
| |
Official name
|
Bhakra Dam
|
Location
| |
Coordinates
| |
Construction began
|
1948
|
Opening date
|
1963
|
Construction cost
|
245.28 crore INR in 1963
|
Dam and spillways
| |
Concrete gravity
| |
Height
|
741 ft (226 m)
|
Length
|
1,700 ft (520 m)
|
Crest width
|
30 ft (9.1 m)
|
Base width
|
625 ft (191 m)
|
Impounds
| |
Type of spillway
|
Controlled, overflow
|
Reservoir
| |
Creates
| |
Capacity
|
9.340 km3
|
Surface area
|
168.35 km2
|
Power station
| |
Commission date
|
1960-1968
|
Turbines
| |
Installed capacity
| |
Bridge
| |
Width
|
30 feet
|
Bhakra Dam is a concrete gravity dam across the Sutlej River, and is near the border between Punjab and Himachal Pradesh in northern India.
The dam, located at a gorge near the (now submerged) upstream Bhakra village in Bilaspur district of Himachal Pradesh, is India's second tallest at 225.55 m (740 ft) high next to the 261m Tehri Dam.[1] The length of the dam (measured from the road above it) is 518.25 m; it is 9.1 m broad. Its reservoir, known as the "Gobind Sagar", stores up to 9.34 billion cubic meters of water, enough to drain the whole of Chandigarh, parts of Haryana, Punjab and Delhi. The 90 km long reservoir created by the Bhakra Dam is spread over an area of 168.35 km2. In terms of storage of water, it withholds the second largest reservoirin India, the first being Indira Sagar Dam in Madhya Pradesh with capacity of 12.22 billion cu m.
Described as 'New Temple of Resurgent India' by Jawaharlal Nehru,[2] the first prime minister of India, the dam attracts tourists from all over India.
Nangal dam is another dam downstream of Bhakra dam. Sometimes both the dams together are called Bhakra-Nangal dam though they are two separate dams
Irrigation
The dam was constructed with an aim to provide irrigation to Punjab and Himachal Pradesh. Another reason behind the construction of the dam was to prevent damage due to monsoon floods. The dam provides irrigation to 10 million acres (40,000 km²) of fields in Punjab,Himachal Pradesh, Haryana, and Rajasthan. It also has four flood gates to control floods.
[edit]Electricity generation
Bhakra and Nangal dams house hydroelectric power generators, which are situated on both the sides of the dams. Nangal hydel Channel and Anandpur Sahib Channel are used for power generation and irrigation purposes.
Each power plant consists of five turbines. Two power houses with a total capacity of 1325 MW flank the dam, on either side of the river. The left power house contains 5 x 108 MW Francis turbines while the right 5 x 157 MW.[5]
Now, on 30th October 2013, Bhakra Nangal Dam is celebrating 50 years of its construction. The celebrations are high right now in Nangal Dam.
The power generated at Bhakra Power houses is distributed among partner states of Punjab, Haryana, Rajasthan, Gujarat and Himachal Pradesh.
[edit]Tourist destination and attraction
Being the Second highest dam in India, it attracts a large number of tourists who visit its reservoir and attractive location. The distance between the Ganguwal and Bhakra Dam is about 30–35 km.
Hirakud Dam
| |
Official name
|
Hirakud Dam
|
Location
|
15 km from Sambalpur, Odisha
|
Coordinates
| |
Construction began
|
1948
|
Opening date
|
1957
|
Construction cost
|
101 Crore Rs in 1957
|
Dam and spillways
| |
Composite Dam and Reservoir
| |
Height
|
60.96 m (200 ft)
|
Length
|
4.8 km (3 mi) (main section)
25.8 km (16 mi) (entire dam) |
Impounds
|
Mahanadi
|
64 sluice-gates
| |
Spillway capacity
|
42,450 cubic metres per second (1,499,000 cu ft/s)
|
Reservoir
| |
Capacity
|
5,896,000,000 m3(4,779,965 acre·ft)
|
83,400 km2(32,201 sq mi)
| |
Power station
| |
Turbines
| |
Installed capacity
| |
Hirakud Dam
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Hirakud Dam (Oriya: ହୀରାକୁଦ ବନ୍ଧ) is built across the Mahanadi River, about 15 km fromSambalpur in the state of Odisha in India. Behind the dam extends a lake, Hirakud Reservoir, 55 km long. Hirakud Dam, built in 1957, is the longest man-made dam in the world, about 16 mi (26 km) in length. It is one of the first major multipurpose river valley projects started after India's independence.
Krishna Raja Sagara
| |
Location
| |
Coordinates
| |
Opening date
|
1932
|
Dam and spillways
| |
Height
|
125 feet
|
Length
|
3.5km
|
Impounds
| |
Reservoir
| |
Creates
|
Krishna Raja Sagara
|
Capacity: 49 billion ft³ (1.4 km³)
| |
Krishna Raja Sagara, also popularly known as KRS, is the name of both a lake and thedam that creates it. It is located close to the settlement of Krishnarajasagara. The dam is across Kaveri River, in Mandya District near Mysore in Karnataka state, India. There is an ornamental garden attached to the dam, called Brindavan Gardens.[1]
A Fountain in the Brindavan Gardens
The dam was built across river Kaveri, the life giving river for the Mysore and Mandyadistricts, in 1924.[2] Apart from being the main source of water for irrigation in the most fertile Mysore and Mandya, the reservoir is the main source of drinking water for all ofMysore city and almost the whole of Bangalore city, the capital of the state of Karnataka. The water released from this dam is further used as an important source of water in the state of Tamil Nadu, which has its own Mettur dam in the Salem district. Sir. Mokshagundam Visvesvarayya served as the chief engineer during the construction of this dam. The dam is named for the then ruler of the Mysore Kingdom, Krishnaraja Wodeyar
Nagarjuna Sagar Dam
| |
|
Location of Nagarjuna Sagar Dam
| |
Official name
|
నాగార్జునసాగర్ ఆనకట్ట
Nagarjuna Sagar Dam |
Location
| |
Coordinates
| |
Construction began
|
10 December 1955
|
Opening date
|
1960
|
Construction cost
|
1300 crore rupees
|
Dam and spillways
| |
Height
|
124 metres (407 ft) from river level
|
Length
|
1,450 metres (4,757 ft)
|
Impounds
| |
Reservoir
| |
Creates
|
Nagarjuna Sagar Reservoir
|
Capacity
|
11,560,000,000 m3(9,371,845 acre·ft)
|
215000 km² (83012 sq mi)
| |
Surface area
|
285 km2 (110 sq mi)
|
Power station
| |
Commission date
|
1978-1985
|
Turbines
| |
Installed capacity
|
816 MW
|
Nagarjuna Sagar Dam (Telugu: నాగార్జునసాగర్ ఆనకట్ట) is the world's largest stone masonry dam at the time of its construction, which is built across Krishna River atNagarjuna Sagar in Nalgonda district of Andhra Pradesh, India. The construction duration of the dam was between the years of 1955 and 1967. The dam created a water reservoir whose capacity is 11,472 million cubic metres. The dam is 490 ft (150 m). tall and 1.6 km long with 26 gates which are 42 ft (13 m). wide and 45 ft (14 m). tall.[2] Nagarjuna Sagar was the earliest in the series of large infrastructure projects initiated for the Green Revolution in India; it also is one of the earliest multi-purpose irrigation and hydro-electric projects in India. The dam provides irrigation water to the Nalgonda District, Prakasam District, Khammam District, Krishna District and Guntur District and electric power to the national grid.
Baglihar Dam
| |
|
Location of Baglihar Dam
| |
Country
| |
Location
| |
Coordinates
| |
Construction began
|
1999
|
Opening date
|
2008
|
Dam and spillways
| |
Gravity
| |
Height
|
144 m (472 ft)
|
Length
|
317 m (1,040 ft)
|
Volume
|
1,800,000 m3(63,566,400 cu ft)
|
Crest elevation
|
844.5 m (2,771 ft)
|
Spillway capacity
| |
Reservoir
| |
Power station
| |
Commission date
|
Stage I: 2005
Stage II: 2008 |
130 m (427 ft) (gross)
| |
Turbines
| |
Installed capacity
|
Stage I: 450 MW
Stage II: 450 MW Total: 900 MW |
Baglihar Dam (Hindi: बगलिहार बाँध Baglihār Bāndh), also known as Baglihar Hydroelectric Power Project, is a run-of-the-river power project on the Chenab River in the southern Dodadistrict of the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir. This project was conceived in 1992, approved in 1996 and construction began in 1999. The project is estimated to cost USD$1 billion. The first phase of the Baglihar Dam was completed in 2004. With the second phase completed on 10 October 2008, Prime Minister Manmohan Singh of India dedicated the 900-MW Baglihar hydroelectric power project to the nation.[3][4]
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)